t Laughed, I Would Have Cried

I was indestructible. I was heartless. I broke out, throwing a whirlwind of exact, aced and skilful kicks. Each kick developed in matchless quality, as I frowned at my opponent’s face: despondency stricken and coated with obvious misery. Each kick approached her towards tasting the sharpness of a substantial annihilation. Composition lured my face as I grinned pitilessly. I rose up out of under the bedclothes and experienced the mottled morning light. Today was the day my fantasies would become reality. I had consistently harbored a serious streak however I was not in every case great at really acknowledging it. This was to be my first Taekwondo rivalry and the craving to win was overpowering. I lovingly chose my free white uniform that hung close by my green school dress. Every Sunday morning for as long as a year I had strictly traded the scholarly unbending nature of school for the physical inflexibility of Taekwondo and saw that even now, the whiteness of my uniform was somewhat dulled and the strings marginally frayed, uncovering the ceaseless blows that it had endured. Two identifications were sewn onto the front by irregular and rough dark strings, obviously covering the unmistakable whiteness of my uniform. Each identification bore the clench hand of a military craftsman and was planned to feature quality, expertise and unstoppable soul. Be that as it may, regardless of the demeanor of complexity produced by the identifications, my ungainly Year 10 sewing crushed their motivation as being indications of polished methodology. My change was practically finished. I got my belt and put it around my abdomen, mindful to keep away from any messy covering. Tying a tight bunch, the two residual ties were left to suspend uninhibitedly, yet, their essence never really weigh vigorously on my pride. I was a yellow belt, a negligible fledgling, and felt belittled by such a humble status. In any case I figured out how to console myself, this was to be the last day I would need to bear the embarrassment of this ashen shade. I reviewed my ref... 't Laughed, I Would Have Cried Free Essays on If I Hadn't Laughed, I Would Have Cried I was indestructible. I was heartless. I broke out, throwing a whirlwind of exact, aced and skilful kicks. Each kick developed in incomparability, as I frowned at my opponent’s face: despondency stricken and coated with indisputable misery. Each kick approached her towards tasting the harshness of a tangible thrashing. Composition lured my face as I smiled savagely. I rose up out of under the bedclothes and experienced the mottled morning light. Today was the day my fantasies would become reality. I had consistently harbored a serious streak however I was not in every case great at really acknowledging it. This was to be my first Taekwondo rivalry and the longing to win was overpowering. I warmly chose my free white uniform that hung nearby my green school dress. Every Sunday morning for as far back as a year I had strictly traded the scholarly inflexibility of school for the physical unbending nature of Taekwondo and saw that even now, the whiteness of my uniform was somewhat dulled and the strings marginally frayed, uncovering the constant blows that it had endured. Two identifications were sewn onto the front by strange and barbed dark strings, obviously covering the distinct whiteness of my uniform. Each identification bore the clench hand of a military craftsman and was proposed to feature quality, expertise and dauntless soul. Be that as it may, in spite of the demeanor of refinement produced by the identifications, my ungainly Year 10 sewing vanquished their motivation as being indications of polished methodology. My change was practically finished. I got my belt and put it around my abdomen, careful to maintain a strategic distance from any chaotic covering. Tying a tight bunch, the two outstanding lashes were left to suspend openly, yet, their essence never really weigh vigorously on my pride. I was a yellow belt, a unimportant fledgling, and felt disparaged by such a humble status. By the by I figured out how to console myself, this was to be the last day I would need to persevere through the embarrassment of this pallid shade. I overviewed my ref...

Norman Jewisons Movie The Hurricane Essay -- Movie Review Essays

Norman Jewison's Movie The Hurricane The issue of racial segregation has been depicted in numerous movies over the most recent 15 years. In any case, The Hurricane makes an unbelievable showing with tending to this issue, and will leave crowd individuals holding their clench hands out of resentment at the bad form that happened to a man named Rubin Tropical storm Carter. The film exhibits the racial imbalance that can be found in our legal framework through the amazing acting by Denzel Washington and the bearing of Norman Jewison. The Hurricane makes you wonder who else has been unjustly denounced in the previous 30 years. The Hurricane makes snapshots of astounding ardent punches managed by Denzel Washington (Rubin Tropical storm Carter), Vicellous Reon Shannon (Lezra Martin), and the three Canadian companions, Live Schreiber (Sam), Deborah Unger (Lisa), and John Hanna (Terry). The entirety of the on-screen characters and entertainers produce sentiments of affection, brotherhood, and assurance that makes the crowd bounce up and cheer. The film begins with the account of Rubin Carter and his battle for the middleweight title. He lost the match in a fixed session to a more vulnerable adversary. Despite the fact that, Rubin ruled the ring, he lost the title. The battle foretells the racial separation that will be played all through the film. Later in the film in the Lafayette Grill two African-American guys of center form killed three individuals at the all white foundation. Rubin Carter and John Artis were blamed for being those two men. Carter and Artis went to jail for three life sentences. The future looks thin for Carter, be that as it may, a crucial change comes when Lezra Martin finds Carter's book. The film centers around the depiction of Rubin Carter as he goes through 20 years in jail. The a... ... a way that leaves them cheering toward the end, takes this film to another level. Jewison has set up himself as an incredible chief and reconfirms that with this film. He is no more interesting to racially heightened films. He coordinated In the Heat of the Night in 1967 and was scheduled to coordinate Malcolm X, however declined after a couple of key individuals responded contrarily to the possibility of a Caucasian male coordinating the film. The Hurricane, in light of the life of Rubin Carter, brings alive the feelings of trepidation, outrage, and disappointment that he encountered. The Hurricane is no special case for Washington's shocking exhibitions or Jewison's extraordinary coordinating, so on the off chance that you are searching for a moving, profound, and fascinating film hurry to your closest Blockbuster and lease The Hurricane. It is a film that should be seen not only for its incentive as a decent film, yet for its verifiable call for equity and racial uniformity.

How to Break into Acting (and Hollywood Movies)

How to Break into Acting (and Hollywood Movies) INTRODUCTIONHave you ever seen yourself performing the role of your favorite actor? Have you imagined yourself accepting awards as the Best Actor/Actress of the Year? To fulfill your dreams and achieving your goals, how about you start learning about how you can be on the screen soon.Becoming an actor takes time, passion and perseverance. Having a career in acting is a journey filled with rough paths and exciting achievements. It takes hard work and can take years before one can get a major role.As one who is driven by the passion to be on the big screen, you will have to gain knowledge about the profession, attend auditions and give acting a real shot.Therefore, you will begin to ask yourself questions such as “How do you get involved in a rapidly changing business, where it’s a lot easier to get a talent agent if you are good-looking and young?” and “How do you survive in the movie or entertainment industry where you are up against professional actors that have been in the industry for years already?”Asking yourself these questions is normal and finding their answers will help you learn more about how best to enter the industry, and how to turn your dreams into a reality.Firstly, you must first ask yourself why you want to have a career in the acting profession. Then, ask yourself if you want to make a livelihood based on acting or you want to act only as a hobby.To have a livelihood based on acting, it might be more difficult, but not impossible as professional and more experienced actors tend to bag high paying jobs as they have proven themselves to be capable in the acting world. Here are the basic steps you can take to break into the acting career.So let us get started!1. ATTEND GOOD ACTING CLASSESAlthough there are actors who are successful but never been to acting school, most of the aspiring actors will have to take some acting lessons the same way doctors go to school to gain knowledge about their craft.Taking courses in college, enrolling i n art school, or getting involved in community acting classes show that continued acting education and practicing performance is the best way to keep learning about yourself as a future actor.A good acting class will fuel the creative fire that lies in you. By attending acting classes, you tend to stretch your acting capabilities and improve your acting skills on a regular basis.You also get to meet and spend quality time with professional actors, increase your networking activities, and gain knowledge by learning from the mistakes of others. Acting class is also a great support system, as every struggling actor needs it.It gives you the opportunity to show your weaknesses and strengths and receive feedback for each â€" thus, improving your acting skills.A good acting class provides a safe place where risks can be taken and hidden talents can be discovered. Acting classes also help satisfy your artistic needs while you are improving your skills. You can search for teachers that are trustworthy so you will be free to ask them any questions and learn in a more convenient environment.If you do not have any good acting classes around, gather friends together and work on different scenes every week. Get online scripts for yourself and take a video footage of yourself doing scenes.Be willing to go the extra mile and get creative so you get experience and knowledge when they are not easy to get. 2. SEARCH FOR AUDITIONS FOR NON-UNION MEMBERSProducers that have no contracts signed with the acting unions offer acting jobs for non-union actors. It is not mandatory by law for producers to use union actors, and it is less expensive for them if they do not.They do not have to observe strict protocols such as making payment into the employee’s pension and health funds, meeting standard requirements for the work environment and making payment of minimum salaries as determined by the union. Union members have been warned against working on non-union projects.Therefore, there are many opportunities for actors who are beginners and who do not belong to any union yet. Some of these opportunities are student plays, readings, short movies and so on. Some of these opportunities are profitable and some are not profitable.Attending auditions for non-union members is a great way for you to gather experiences in the real world. You can create a profile on Backstage.com, and ensure you submit your application for any job post that fits your skills and profile.Many projects are looking for talented, non-union actors â€" as these characterizes are hard to find in the acting community nowadays! If you live away from a major film market, then community theater and dinner theater are great options for rookie actors. 3. ATTEND ACTING WORKSHOPSTo become a capable and good actor, you have to go through series of training. You cannot compete in the movie industry without you learning and practicing some basic necessary professional skills.To improve your skills, you need to be on any learning platforms where you will be able to maximize your opportunities and activities. Some of these learning platforms can betaking private lessons by acting coaches, attending group acting classes, drama schools, acting universities or acting workshops.The location of the acting workshops does not really matter in the big picture â€" if they are far away from you, just find a way to make extra money and attend them. The acting workshop is a platform for acting training by having other actors and coaches critiquing your performance as a preparation for a role. The acting workshopprovides you with a challenge that each actor desperately needs to identify his or her mistakes and fix them.As someone who is attending workshops, you must not be afraid of changes and you should learn never to stay within your zone of comfort.Attending acting workshops enables you to find a circle of people that are ready to accept you. Attending workshops enables you to meet and build rela tionships with other actors and acting coaches, with whom you can share some ideas and opinions.It is always awesome to meet folks that are as passionate about their acting career as much as you are about yours.This circle of people provides you with the adequate support and understanding; for example, you can rely on your acting coach for career advice even after you attended his or her workshop.There is a place for everyone in this acting business. The acting talent is important, but it is also important to follow your dreams and to do what brings you happiness. You ought to learn acting skills, get yourself educated about the business, and relate with people who will help you and support you on that career path.You might have acted or taken many acting classes for years, yet learning the craft of acting never stops. There will always be something you need to improve on, grow from, or that challenges you.You must learn to always be open to suggestions from others, and be willing t o change. Do not get offended when your acting instructor is giving you some constructive criticism.Actively listen to the critiques they have for your acting, and constantly seek advice from them on how to improve it. 4. NETWORK AND BE AN EXTRA ON A SETNetworking is a huge part of becoming an actorâ€"the more people you know, the more acting opportunities you are likely to find. It is important for you to start meeting people in the acting industry as soon and as much as possible.You can get a placement on a set as an extra through agencies that give extra casting opportunities like Central Casting or Extras Management.Being an extra on a set requires no previous experience and it is a good way to explore the industry from within, to see that the people involved in the movie industry are humans too and not superheroes.Get conversant with people while you are there. Talk to different actors, compare notes gotten from the conversations and observe what their paths look like.Breaking into the acting world does not involve only one way, as every actor will have his or her own peculiar success story. Having conversations with them shows you some of the available options that you might also have to break into acting.Networking will give you the opportunity to find out what it is really like to go out on auditions, and how to pursue a professional career in acting. When you speak with working actors and the struggling ones, you will be motivated and enlightened â€" this helps you to prepare mentally for what is to come.Tips and advice can be gathered from people who have already been down the path or the journey you are just starting.You can also have a professional presence on social media to network and connect with people. Get familiar with and learn to use social media such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and YouTube to your advantage to follow and learn more about actors that inspire you.Also, endeavor to learn about trendy events, shows, and companies.This gi ves a great way for you to start a personal connection with people involved in these trends.Additionally, you can launch a website that exhibits your work, resume, headshots and so on to create an even stronger online presence.5. LEARN HOW TO AUDITIONBefore you can start getting acting gigs, you need to gain knowledge about how to audition properly, and the best way to do this is to sign up for available casting workshops.Some of these workshops might give you access to legitimate casting directors.These workshops are also a very important tool to learn how to get comfortable in the audition room. On some occasions, an audition can even come straight from these workshops sessions.Get auditions by yourselfIf you do not have an acting agent, or you just want to explore acting opportunities out there, local acting websites are awesome resources to check out for local auditions and casting calls.Many film productions tend to post ongoing project work and auditions that you can check fre e of charge. Should you hear about acting opportunities on media platforms such as the radio, or in the newspaper, there might be a chance of it being a scam.So, just be careful with information on audition websites that require you to make payment in advance or to open an account with your credit card details so that you find acting auditions. Scammers might be involved in this kind of fraudulent acts.Get auditions from an agentThat is one of the reasons for you to get an agent from a talent agency to search and suggest suitable and genuine auditions for you. There are times in which casting directors and film producers will publish open calls for movies without many details.If you have an acting agent â€" they can make use of their contacts and insider information to help you with more information or bag acting auditions and acting jobs for you.It is the responsibility of acting agents to find you work, which is how they make their money. They will work to set up meetings with cas ting directors and get you auditions.Agents will make use of your personal relationships, connections, and networking skills to search for jobs that fit you the best. Agents also have access to details you would not have an access to on your own. Few useful tips when dealing with talent agents are:Endeavor to get a franchised SAG agent as these agents usually have many connections, and appear to offer a legitimate representation.To get an agent, ensure you do research on them first and note down which actors they are already representing. You can go through the reviews written about them, or also check them up on the Better Business Bureau to see if they have or previously have claims or lawsuit filed against them.When you find an acting agent you wish to work with, initiate a meeting with that agent, or send them over your portfolio. Ensure that the selected agent also has a mutual interest in working with you.Make sure that you never pay an acting agent before you get any acting a udition or job.Get prepared for acting auditionsMemorizing scripts is one of the most necessary abilities you need to have mastered for an audition. Learning scripts by heart gives signals to the casting director about you taking the job seriously, and that you can be professional.Asides from just knowing the lines, you must ensure and be able you to understand the character you were given to act.You should be practicing auditions at home in front of the mirror, or in the presence of other people, so you that you will be able to have a good feel for the part you are to play, and to gain confidence.Ensure you practice the part or character so well that it feels natural and believable and this shows you are well prepared for the audition.Ensure you show good manners at auditionsIf you give people the first impression that you are disrespectful, it will not matter how skillful and professional the performance you gave for the audition as you might destroy your chances of getting the ac ting job.The following tips are to be kept in mind at your audition:Stay away from any of the technical equipment or food at the audition. You are there as a visitor, behave like that and you show respect towards everything and everyone present around you.Ensure you check your personal habits before entering the audition room. You should not smoke or chew gum before or during an audition, except if that is a part of the character you are auditioning for.Show gratitude towards the casting director, and anyone else who helped you to make your audition possible even after your audition. 6. EXPOSE YOURSELF TO AVAILABLE OPPORTUNITIESOut there are many websites that deal with how to get jobs as an actor, which includes Actors Access, LA Casting, and Now Casting, that publish information on big movie projects, but also about student films and theater plays.Ensure you sign up for receiving notifications from any or all of them, and then keep updating your profile with current pictures and a ny new acting experiences as you book them.Student films and plays that seem like a small-scale production can help build your reel and enlarge your network.The production of big projects might be looking for someone like you and its casting director might see you in a student project and then wants to give you an opportunity. Situations like this tend to happen all the time.This might end up in a great audition even if it does not end up as a booking. You making a mark in a big and successful casting office is a major milestone.Also, ensure you attend every available legitimate audition you get, no matter how big it is. Many actors tend to skip auditions because deep down, they are scared that they are not professional enough at their art, therefore, encourages you to prove yourself wrong.Even the bad auditioning experiences are something you can learn from on how to improve your skills â€" and as a result become a better actor.Show up afraid and ready, if you have to, but just ens ure you show up. You will be way ahead of those actors who got scared.7. STAY OPTIMISTIC AND DILIGENTWhile pursuing your dreams, one thing that can give you problem is keeping your focus on your goals.The desire for comfort and security can divert the focus even of a professional and successful artist, but also the desire to be famous or have luxuries such as a nice car and branded clothing can push actors to use their full potential.You need to prioritize, save your extra money for acting classes and headshots instead of focusing on luxuries. IN CONCLUSIONTo succeed in the acting career, you must know exactly what you want, why you want to follow this particular career path. Attend acting classes and acting workshops, because besides these improving your audition skills, they are very helpful for building your social networks.Since you have decided to give all of your attention and free time to pursue your career in acting, you should endeavor to dedicate at least one hour of a day toward your acting dream.Always seek information about new auditions, see plays in theaters, watch and study movies, and keep your acting resume updated â€" you never know when your big break will knock on your door.The acting career journey, though it might take years, is full of rough patches and joyous achievements but with perseverance and time, you can achieve your dream.Meet and surround yourself with people who are likeminded. Stretch yourself to improve your skill in the craft and ensure you stay focused. But most of all, believe in yourself â€" make us believe too.

What Makes A Drug Addiction - 1579 Words

Having a drug addiction is a very tough thing to go through in life. It consumes your life, you wake up wanting drugs, waste the day looking for drugs and go to sleep in a drug induce â€Å". â€Å"Coma†. At one time certain drugs were legal to use but of course it became addictive and proven to be fatal. Even though doctors, soda companies, and grocery stores use to sell these legal drugs, it’s questionable to understand what makes these drugs addictive and what made it suddenly illegal. During the 19th century opium was legal and free to use, doctors would prescribe it for tooth aches and also for menstrual cramps. Opium is known as â€Å"the Breadseed Poppy and is arguably the most infamous flower in the history of mankind. Used medically†¦show more content†¦In 1943 LSD was accidentally discovered after a Swiss scientist was testing chemicals and it accidentally absorbed into his skin. During the 1950’s when the cold war was taking place, the U.S A rmy along with the CIA and researchers learned that LSD can be used as â€Å"brainwashing† the enemy. LSD is â€Å"manufactured from lysergic acid, which is found in the ergot fungus that grows on rye and other grains† (drugfree, 2013). LSD or as known as â€Å"acid† can have a person hallucinating, alter time and also vivid visions, the drug is unpredictable. In the 1970 congress listed the drug as a Schedule I substances, meaning it is not recognized as medicinal or therapeutic. In the early 20th century heroin was legal believe it or not, and it was used as a treatment for coughs and for as a methadone program for morphine users. Heroin is â€Å"processed from morphine which occurs naturally in the seedpod of the Asian opium poppy plant† (heroin, 2012). Used as a pain reliever ended up being an addiction for millions of Americans. Heroin was later outlawed in 1924, but it is still being sold for money and used by users even though it is illegal. What i s a drug addiction? â€Å"Addiction is defined as a chronic, relapsing brain disease that is characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use,

If Music Be the Food of Love, Play on - 1089 Words

If Music be the Food of Love, Play on Music is a moral law. It gives soul to the universe, wings to the mind, flight to the imagination; Music itself is a form of mood, it’s an explosive expression. Its something we are all touched by. No matter what culture were from, everyone loves music. As Bob Marley said â€Å"One good thing about music, when it hits you, you feel no pain.† There are certain times good and bad in my life that I can remember just by a song that might play. It’s that recollection of place, time and mood, it brings you back to that moment even if you don’t want to go there. The creation, performance, and even the definition of music change according to culture and social context. I’m sure there is that one song†¦show more content†¦Sometimes, the Patients needs are addressed directly through music; in others they are addressed through the relationships that develop between the client and therapist. Music therapy is used w ith people of all ages, including: psychiatric disorders, medical problems, physical handicaps, sensory impairments, developmental disabilities, substance abuse, communication disorders, interpersonal problems, and aging. It is also used to: improve learning, build self-esteem, reduce stress, and support physical exercise. â€Å"World Health Organization has estimated that there are an increase number of cases deaths from cancer in the near future. Cancer has become one of the most discussed. In this study, we focus on the quality of life of the cancer patients, by using music therapy and to observe the difference between pre-test and post-test results with music treatment. This study was to examine the alternative therapies using of music to enhance, and quality of life, using the Thai Hospice Quality of Life Index (T-HQOLI), in cancer patients. The 11 cancer patients were divided into two different groups; the control (non-music) group followed their routine schedules; the music group received additional music therapy with a music leader. The results from both questionnaires, collected during 4th, 8th and 12th week, showed that musicShow MoreRelatedEssay on How Music Can Affect Our Lives678 Words   |  3 Pages  Ã¢â‚¬Å"If music be the food of love, play on; Give me excess of it, that, surfeiting, The appetite may sicken, and so die.† In William Shakespeare’s play ‘Twelfth Night’ Orsino uttered these lines after he was frustrated in his courtship of Countess Olivia. Perhaps Orsino believed that an excess of music might cure his obsession with love the way eating too much removes ones appetite for food. But he was wrong. An old adage says music is the food of soul. The more you listen to it, the more youRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Twelfth Night1502 Words   |  7 Pagesthe text of William Shakespeare s comedy, Twelfth Night, or What You Will, is Music. The first thing that playgoers hear at the beginning is music. This music is being played for a duke, a powerful lord residing over the setting of all the characters. He is surrounded by other lords and his attendant, Curio. The duke, Orsino, cannot help but comment: If music be the food of love, play on, Give me excess of it that, surfeiting, The appetite may sicken and so dieRead More Music in Twelfth Night Essay1321 Words   |  6 Pagespoetic and musical plays. Shakespeare writes poetic lines for the major characters, Viola, Orsino, and Olivia, and gives the Fool, and other minor characters, songs to sing throughout the play. The particularly romantic lines of the play make it seem as if the characters are professional poets themselves. Shakespeare also uses the music and poetry in Twelfth Night to foreshadow what is going to happen for the rest of the performance and to reveal major themes in the play. Music and poetry become majorRead MoreArthur Drayton Anderson And His History With Mass Media1294 Words   |  6 PagesAnderson And His History with Mass Media Growing up in the Holler of Gumfork at the food of Anderson Mountain in the Appalachians of Tennessee, Arthur Drayton Anderson, born September 13, 1948, did not have all of the luxuries other family may have had at the time. It was a forty-five minutes spell to the nearest sign of civilization, and coming out of the Great Depression, Arthur’s family was more concerned about putting food on the table than any form of entertainment. Suppertime was the most importantRead MoreA Brief Biography of David Dickau823 Words   |  3 PagesDavid Dickau David Dickau is a man whose true passion and love is music. Composing and Conducting music is what he truly loves. An Honored Conductor, Composer, and Clinician, He has Composed many Pieces such as the popular â€Å"If Music be the Food of Love†, â€Å"Dresden Canticles†, and â€Å"Stars I Shall Find†. Dickau was born in 1953 and now lives in Mankato, Minnesota, serving as the Director of Choral Activities at the Minnesota State University. He began his career there in 1991 and ever since hasRead MoreI Love Spanish Music Has Good Beats1134 Words   |  5 PagesHowever, the Hispanics brings culture to the community especially when it comes to music, events, schools, nonprofit organizations, small businesses and restaurants. As I walk around the environment, I can hear Spanish music playing at the neighbor’s house, even though I do not understand the language but it sounds nice. I love Spanish music because Spanish music has good beats. One of the good things about Spanish music is that it allows a non-Spanish speaker like myself to dance to beats without understandingRead MoreThe Fool Or Jester, Hired By Olivia858 Words   |  4 Pagesseem like it. He shows the readers this with his language, word play, puns, as well as his quick wit. In scene 5, Feste begins with â€Å"H e that is well hanged in this world needs to fear no colours.† Maria also plays into the comedy of the Twelfth Night. Maria and Feste are like a comedy duo participating in quick, witty, and comedic exchanges. A theme throughout many of Shakespeare’s works, is disguise. His characters seem to love to disguise themselves. It turns to be quite important, especiallyRead MoreHard Rock Cafe Case Study1435 Words   |  6 PagesFlorida and has since then, expanded its location to more than 40 Cafà © and employee 75% of their employees throughout the United State. While serving more than 100,000 meals each day, Hard Rock Cafà © chefs are adapting to the change of new taste and music as they continue to gain 45 plus years to their existence. The Hard Rock Cafà © introduced new menus and services, memorabilia, and strategies to create an environment and experience where everyone and anyone can share laughter and joy with their friendsRead More Twelfth Night Essay968 Words   |  4 PagesIn Shakespeare’s play, Twelfth Night or What you Will, the characters are involved in a plot complete with trickery, disguise, and love. Each character is defined not by his or her gender o r true identity, but by the role they are forced to take because of the complicated situation that arises. Unlike their gender, the speech the characters give an insight to their true personalities. In the Twelfth Night, the character Duke Orsino uses flowery and over-dramatic language, long poetic sentenceRead MoreFilm Analysis Of The Pianist1279 Words   |  6 Pages2002 by Roman Polanski and was based on a 1946 memoir of Szpilman by the writer Jerzy Waldorff. It follows the perspective of Wladyslaw Szpilman and how he survives the abundance of destruction from the Nazis in WW2 with only the comfort of his love of music. This film depicts the harrowing journey of Wladyslaw and how as pivotal events occur, the more desperate he is to survive when he is faced with deadly encounters and inhumane living conditions. Polanski portrays desperation through specific shots

Revenue recognition requirements in U.S. GAAP, IFRS and IASB Free Essays

Introduction In an industry there are some accounting and financial standards that company must follow to be legal to corporate. Therefore, accountants should follow some rules and guidelines, the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and U.S. We will write a custom essay sample on Revenue recognition requirements in U.S. GAAP, IFRS and IASB or any similar topic only for you Order Now GAAP, which adopted by the International Accounting Standard Board (IASB) and Financial Accounting Standard Board (FASB). The IASB is an independent, privately-funded accounting standard-setter based in London. It was founded on 2001 as the successor to the International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC). The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) is a private, not-profit organization and it was created in 1973. One of the general accepted accounting principles is the revenue recognition, which is an important principle in accrual accounting. It determines the specific conditions under which income becomes realized as revenue. Under IAS 18 â€Å" Revenue, is defined as â€Å"the gross inflow of economic benefits during the period arising in the course of the ordinary activities of an entity when those inflows result in increases in equity other than increases relating to contributions from equity participants.† Generally, revenues are recognized when the amount of revenue is measured reliably, when it is probable that the economic benefits of the transaction will flow to the entity and when the costs (both incurred to date and expected future costs) are identified. (Jamil Khatri, Akeel Master 2009). Many problems involved in revenue recognition about the usefulness of the existing standards. So, in June 2002 the IASB and the FASB started a project to develop coherent conceptual guida nce for revenue recognition and to eliminate inconsistencies on the subject in their conceptual frameworks. Following we are going to analyze the main problems that occurred, the views taken by the two boards and a reasoned critique of their thinking. Main body Revenue recognition requirements in U.S. GAAP differ from those in IFRS. Accordingly IASB and FASB the main objectives of the project are to provide a single revenue recognition model that could apply consistently across various industries and transactions, to develop a model on changes in specific assets and liabilities that would eliminate inconsistencies in existing concepts and standards and to converge IFRS and U.S. GAAP requirements. ( Barry J.Epstein Eva K.Jermakowicz , 2010) However, some problems occurred from revenue recognition standards, which reduce the comparability of revenue across entities. In U.S. GAAP there are numerous standards that define an earnings process inconsistently. The application of the earnings process provide more than 100 standards on revenue and gain recognition which some of them are industries specific and can produce conflicting results for economically similar transactions. This has a result, people disagree how it applies to particular situations. Despite the numerous standards, there are also gaps in guidance which creates conflictions with asset and liability definitions. Sometimes earnings process leads to a misrepresentation of an entity’s contractual rights and obligations in financial statements. Thus, if they focus on changes in assets and liabilities the earnings process could be improved. (Putra 2010) IFRS contain fewer requirements than U.S. GAAP, but also those standards need improvement. The revenue recognition standards provide inconsistencies between assets – liability approach. Under the asset – liability approach, revenue recognized by direct reference to changes in assets and liabilities that occur from an entity’s contract with a customer, rather than by direct reference to critical events. ( Barry J.Epstein Eva K.Jermakowicz ,2010) Another deficiency in IFRS relates to the lack of guidance for transactions involving multiple-element arrangement. IAS 18 does not state clearly when or how an entity should separate a single transaction into components and how to measure the elements in a multiple-element arrangement. Therefore, entities apply different measurements for similar transactions, which reduce the comparability of revenue across entities. Also, some problems occur and from the distinguishing between goods and services. If there was a clear pri nciple to ever-changing and increasingly complex transactions then gaps in guidance would not be a problem. (Putra 2010) However, the Boards have reached some preliminary views in developing a revenue recognition model. Following I will summarize those views. Firstly, the proposed model would apply to contracts with customers. Revenue should be recognized on the basis of increases in an entity’s net position in a contract with a customer. When an entity enters into a contract with customer, the company gets rights to payment from the customer and assumes obligations to provide good and services to the customer. When an entity satisfies a performance obligation in the contract then company should recognize revenue. Performance obligation is a promise in a contract with a customer to transfer a good or service to that customer. If an entity promise to provide a good, then it is a promising to transfer an asset to the customer. Moreover, if the promised goods or services are transferred to the customer at different times then entity accounts of performance obligations will separate. The aim to separate performance obligations is to ensure that the revenue of the entity is representing the pattern of the transfer of assets to the customer, over the life over the contract. An entity satisfies a performance obligation when the promised good has transferred to customer. We know that an entity has transferred that promised asset when the customer obtains control of it. Consequently, activities that an entity undertakes in fulfilling a contract result in revenue recognition only if they simultaneous ly transfer assets to the customer. The boards have not yet expressed a preliminary view on how an entity would measure the rights. However, the rights will measure based on the amount of the transaction price (the promised consideration). As the boards propose, performance obligations should be measured at the transaction price.If a contract comprises more than one performance obligation, an entity would allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in proportion to the stand-alone selling prices of the goods and services underlying those performance obligations. As each obligation is satisfied, the amount of revenue recognized is the amount of the transaction price that was allocated to the satisfied performance obligation at contract inception. Finally, the boards propose that after contract inception, a company should remeasure a performance obligation when it is deemed ‘onerous’. A performance obligation is estimated ‘onerous’ when an entity’s expected cost of satisfying the performance obligation exceeds the amount of that performance obligation. In that case, the performance obligation is remeasured to the entity’s expected cost of satisfying the performance obligation and the entity would recognize a contract loss. As we can see, the proposal model on how and when revenue is recognized under both IFRS and US GAAP are likely to discuss from the entities. The objective of the project to develop a single revenue recognition model that would apply to a wide range of industries to improve the financial reporting revenue was very helpful for all the industries. It helps remove inconsistencies and weakness in existing revenue recognition standards and provide a stronger framework for revenue recognition issues. On the other hand, for many entities the implementation of the proposed model will be relatively ineffectual and for others, the process could be effectual. Specific, construction industries have concerns regarding how the indicators of control should be applied to long-term contracts. Also telecommunications and technology sector, express concerns about the requirement to determine a stand-alone selling price for each performance obligation. Therefore, both Boards should focus on fixing the pr oblems in the existing standards, and to make a better model which will work well in practice. It’s obviously that many problems arise in determining when revenue is earned. Let’s consider Apple, one of the biggest tech. industries in our days as a live example. Apple has the issue that â€Å"how FASB might rework the rules related to recognizing revenue for software that’s bundled into a product and never sold separately†. This is very important for Apple because it affects the revenue related to two of the company’s most successful products, the iPod and the iPhone. If the rules are recast the company could be able to book revenue faster, yielding less time between product launches and associated revenue gains. Also it would drive up Apple’s earnings and possibly stock price. (Marie Leone, 2009) Conclusion Having a clear enough view of the problems involved in revenue recognition and the views taken by the two boards, I’ve tried to paint a picture of the proposed revenue recognition model by the two Boards. The proposed model would not be easy and it would be difficult to apply in all entities. However, Boards are trying to develop a model without any inconsistencies and based on changes in specific assets and liabilities. It will take many hours of meetings and discussions between the two Boards before complete any issues about the proposed project. References [1] Barry J.Epstein , Eva K.Jermakowicz (2010) Interpretation and Application of International Financial Reporting Standards, 1st Edition, Canada, New Jersey : Willey [2] ERNST YOUNG (2010) US GAAP vs. IFRS: the basics Revenue Recognition, http://www.ey.com/US/en/Services/Assurance/Accounting-and-Financial-Reporting/US-GAAP-vs–IFRS–the-basics–March-2010—Revenue-recognition [Accessed 11/03/2010] [3] International Accounting Standard Board (19/6/2009) Preliminary Views on Revenue Recognition in Contracts with Customers http://www.iasb.org/NR/rdonlyres/0E3D5E00-B961-42F0-BA64-AB1D20BB9FE9/0/DP_PreliminaryViewsRevenueRecognition1208.pdf [Accessed 16/03/2010] [4] International Accounting Standard Board (06/2010) Revenue from Contracts with Customers http://www.iasb.org/NR/rdonlyres/74E37A73-0A4D-447F-A8DF-3574002B7406/0/SnapshotRevCon.pdf [Accessed 17/03/2010] [5] Jamil Khatri Akeel Master (2009) IFRS Revenue Recognition, KPMG https://www.in.kpmg.com/Securedata/ifRS_Institute/Files/Revenue%20recognition.pdf [Accessed 11/03/2010] [6] Marie Leone, (2009) â€Å"New Revenue-Recognition Rules: The Apple of Apple’s Eye?†, CFO [7] Putra (2010) â€Å"Problem with Current Revenue Recognition. ChangeHow(24/1/2010) How to cite Revenue recognition requirements in U.S. GAAP, IFRS and IASB, Essay examples

Marketing Mix of Telenor Essay Example

Marketing Mix of Telenor Paper EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Telenor was launched in Pakistan in March 2005. Despite facing fierce competition it has managed to make its mark in the telecommunication industry and captured a huge consumer base. It is a provider of high quality telecommunications and media communication services and is ranked, as the 7th  largest mobile operator in the world, and caters to over 153 million subscribers. Today after six years of its existence in Pakistan, Telenor is the fastest growing cellular network in the country. It offers a variety of packages which cater to the needs of people from all walks of life. Telenor has been technically innovative coming up with various new services such as easy-load, Telenor mobile TV, Auto location service? to name a few. Its marketing efforts in promoting such services have ensured that their product is differentiated from its competitors, which helped them take hold of a large portion of the market share. This report covers all major aspects of Telenor’s leading telecommunication services in Pakistan including a thorough analysis of its progress and future goals for the years to come. HISTORY Telenor Pakistan is a Pakistani GSM cellular service provider, and is a subsidiary of Telenor, Norway. Telenor Pakistan is 100% owned by Telenor ASA and adds on to its operations in Asia together with Thailand, Malaysia and Bangladesh. Telenor Pakistan launched its operations in March 2005 as the single largest direct European investment in Pakistan, setting precedence for further foreign investments in the telecom sector. The company has crossed many milestones and grown in a number of directions, making Telenor Pakistan a leading telecom operator of the country. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Mix of Telenor specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Mix of Telenor specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Mix of Telenor specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer They are the fastest growing mobile network in the country, with coverage reaching deep into many of the remotest areas of Pakistan. In the most difficult terrains of the country, from the hilly northern areas to the sprawling deserts in the south, at times they are the only operator connecting the previously unconnected. It is spread across Pakistan, creating 2,500 direct and 25,000-plus indirect employment opportunities. It has a network of 23 company-owned sales and service centers, more than 200 franchisees and some 100,000 retail outlets. Telenor acquired the license for providing GSM ervices in Pakistan in April 2004, and had launched its services commercially in Islamabad, Rawalpindi and Karachi on 15 March 2005, and on 23 March 2005, Telenor started its services in Lahore, Faisalabad and Hyderabad. Telenor has its corporate headquarters in Islamabad, with regional offices in Karachi and Lahore. On January 28, 2005, Telenor established its first call centre in Lahore. Telenor is the 2nd largest network of Pakistan after Mobilink. Telenor believes: â€Å"What matters most is the right strategy, at the right time and precision in execution. † Telenor’s Product Strategy To get the real fruits of more open market at regional level requires the satisfaction of the demands of the target market and this satisfaction can only be achieved if the product or service offered in the market is suitable and acceptable for its purpose and this can be obtained by adopting a regional product strategy suitable for company and the market as well. Telenor’s study indicates that it is acting quite on this concept that, in order to be more competitive in the world market, firms should shift their emphasis from local customized products to globally standardized products that are advanced, functional, reliable and low priced. But here low priced strategy be to compromise and later on due to its quality, Telenor’s low price strategy takes shift from low to high but competitive. Buzzel (1968) argued that product standardization has different benefits (a) economies of scale, (b) faster accumulation of learning experience and (c) reduced costs of design modification. In the regional open market, Telenor is taking the fruit of this by adopting the product standardization but the situation can be different in other markets. The company used a multi domestic strategy to gain competitive advantage in its target markets. A key factor in the strategy is the encouragement of senior managers to be entrepreneurial in responding to local customer needs, product quality and customer services. Telenor’s decision to standardize or adapt its products is based on cost/benefit analysis of what they believe the implications of adaptation and standardization are for profitability and market share. According to Doole (2000) in normal circumstances, the cost of adaptation would be expected to be greater than the cost of successful standardization. Telenor believes in long term advantages and not in satisfaction of immediate demand, that’s why they continue the exposure to the standardized products and services which leads them to greater market share in the longer term. Our research shows that there are three factors which enforced the company towards more standardized strategy and these are illustrated in figure below. †¢Homogeneity of markets †¢Increase in number of regionalizing firms †¢Identifiable international consumer segments. Summarizing it, regionalization forced the company to rethink about its strategies towards product, to be more competitive in the open market. Telenor’s Price Strategy Pricing across the borders is comparatively difficult from other decisions though it is believed that pricing is the most flexible and controllable marketing mix element. Companies operating in different markets experience extraordinarily difference across the borders. This can be due to the exchange rate difference and other barriers. But in our study, this matter is not much sensitive because of psychic distance factor. Cultural environment and a geographical neighborhood influence the pricing policy of Telenor. On the other hand, being a non member of European Union, it can be totally opposite of the general strategies adopted by the companies located in European Union. Telenor’s pricing policy is influenced by different factors among them five are much important and they are indicated below: †¢Market survival †¢Sales growth †¢Market position †¢Maximization of Profits †¢Maintenance of product’s quality though lower price is considered a suitable policy and in case of Telenor, it is effective due to regionalization but not so much but competition factor is given special consideration before development of price strategy. That’s why Telenor has high price strategy due to high quality products and services but at certain level penetration price strategy is adopted to stimulate sales growth. Here, at this aspect if we talk about the standardization or adaptation strategy of pricing, Telenor follows adaptation policy as well because it allows each local subsidiary or partner to set a price which is considered to be the most suitable for local conditions. On the other hand, lack of control can be the weakness of this strategy and it may require some cost for management Telenor’s Place Strategy To manage the foreign channels of distribution is a key area in a company’s efforts to be more competitive in the market. According to (Doole, 2001), as products become more standardized across the world, the ability to compete on customer becomes more vital. Channels of distributions developed by Telenor follow the cultural traditions of the target market because it is important to understand and manage cultural differences amongst different markets and Telenor has deep analysis of the markets before developing its positioning strategy because cultural differences add to control difficulties. In regional marketing, Telenor is taking advantages of his heavy infrastructural products and its financial worth. In our study, we found that company is adopting those strategies which are not used by the others commonly. To make a huge as well as direct investment in the form of acquisitions and wholly owned subsidiaries is high risky but more profitable decision for Telenor. Open borders give a number of alternatives for position the products and Telenor is using different distribution channels which vary from market to market and country to country. As Telenor is involved in telecommunication business so usually it doesn’t involve in physical distribution but it has the partnership strategy and on the local level, shops and customer care centers are used as place strategy. Telenor’s Promotional Strategy It is quite obvious from the business environment, that there is a rapid increase in competition and markets became mature at the regional level. These factors demand the companies to offer high quality products and services at competitive price level through suitable distribution channel. In addition to its traditional role of promoting products and services, international marketing communications is increasingly used to facilitate the company with an important way of differentiation in open internal market. According to our findings, there are a variety of promotional tools which are used by Telenor to inform and motivate its valuable consumers in the regional market. The company developed a standardized promotional package which is sufficiently flexible with the different ways in different cultures and norms. Besides it, that package is also flexible in such a way, in which subsidiaries can develop their own marketing positioning and related promotional strategy. During our study of Telenor as a regional company, we found that the company builds up its promotional strategies with two basic issues. First, the company should have the clear picture of the objectives for regional marketing communication strategy and, second is, how the company can combine the different promotional tools and activities for the higher level of cost effectiveness. On the other hand Telenor’s regional marketing communication strategy can be adapted because the market structures and distribution channels can be different from market to market and country to country. However, mostly these factors are not those, which can said to be crucial for the company like Telenor. Summarizing it, regionalization factor has influenced the Telenor’s promotional part of marketing mix but in all the way it has positive edge for the company and its business throughout the region. Telenor’s People Strategy: Telenor does highly focus on the ‘People’ element of the 8 P’s of the services marketing mix i. e front-line staff for any company will have a direct impact on perceptions of the consumers. Telenor provides training and further education programs that ensure a high professional standard amongst employees. Telenor believes that a talented and loyal workforce plays a crucial role in the organization’s ongoing business success. It maintains a policy of non-discrimination towards all employees and applicants for employment. All aspects of employment are governed by merit, competence, suitability and qualifications, and are not influenced in any manner by gender, age, race, color, religion, national origin or disability. Today, Telenor’s workforce proves that; with 18% women working at all levels in the organization, both foreign and local educational backgrounds. Their aim is to stay ahead of the industrial pace, develop, design and execute responsibilities in a way that enable to contribute most productively towards thier organizational success. Telenor’s competitive edge is ttributed to the well managed work dynamics and the ability to change and mould quickly as per the needs of the hour. Telenor’s Process Strategy Telenor Group is considered to be an international provider of tele data and media communication services along with various operations of mobile phones in a number of 13 markets across Asia, Central and Eastern Europe and in the Nordic region. Franchise network of Tel enor Pakistan is intensifying for the Sales, Distribution and Customer Services Operation. It has provided the sound business professionals of 11 cities with the offer of setting up Telenor franchise operations. More than two and a half times greater success is received by franchising and it enjoys a small amount of business success rate as compared to the small stand alone business. Identifying and developing a franchise outlet as per Telenors condition. Creating a Sales, Distribution and customer services team and retail network in line with Telenors visualization. Customer attainment and retention through Telenors portfolio of products and services. Being the shareholders with telenor in terms of dividends, franchise operators can anticipate enormous financial and non financial incentives. On the whole, Franchises are considered as a fundamental part of telenors operations. Telenor’s Physical Environment Strategy Telenor believe in creating a work environment that allows its employees to work when and where they want, enables them to communicate freely with their co-workers and managers, and ensures their safety and well-being. * Flexible working hours At Telenor their employees perform best when they enjoy the benefits and flexibility that Telenor communication technology allows: with a laptop, a cell phone and network access, they can do their job almost anywhere, at any time. Parents can combine work and family in a way that better suits their schedule; employees who like to work at odd hours may do so. * Open-plan offices At Telenor there are no individual offices. Open-plan office solutions were first installed at the Telenor headquarters in Norway in 2002. Since then their offices in Pakistan, Serbia, Hungary, Malaysia, Denmark, India, Sweden, Thailand, Bangladesh and Montenegro have adopted, or started to adopt, similar office structures. Open-plan offices make it easy for employees to communicate with one another, solve problems and share knowledge. Managers and employees talk more freely. In the end, it makes each employee, as well as the entire organization, more efficient. Telenor Pakistan has successfully invented a unique, new and a workable way to carry forward their operations with a key focus on quality and simplicity, coupled with productivity and output. The open space environment is unique in its own right as there is no protocol, no red tape and no bureaucracy. With the high levels of approachability, people can now get work done formally as well as informally, by avoiding systems of â€Å"requests and appointments† Conclusion Telenor is the leading telecommunication company, which are the most advanced telecommunication markets in the world. The Telenor Group is committed to engage in the local communities where it operates. In Pakistan telenor launched its operations in March 2005 as the single largest direct European investment in Pakistan. The company has crossed many milestones and grown in a number of directions, making Telenor Pakistan a leading telecom operator of the country. They are providing a service in almost 2500 cites of Pakistan and it is most growing telecom industry in this country. In short it start its business when there is a very high competition in market and take very little time to grow in the market and now it has almost 20% market share in Pakistan and standing at second place along with Ufone who also has 20%. They are now providing different services to its customers at a high quality which helps them to progress rapidly in country and in features their objectives shows that in next few years the will become the market leaders in Pakistan. Suggestion: Key Issues: †¢Issue 1: Maintain network quality †¢Issue 2: Low market penetration †¢Issue 3: Rolling Customers †¢Issue 4: Untapped market segments- Women †¢Issue 5: Mobile number portability †¢Issue 6: Documentation to avoid mischievous †¢Issue 7: Should be low price †¢Issue 8: Maintain Customer Relationship Management Strategic Direction †¢Building an organization with competency, capabilities and resource strengths †¢Developing Technical Knowhow in Employees Developing budgets to steer ample resources into critical value chain activities †¢ Creating strategy supportive policies and procedures †¢Instituting best practices and a commitment to continuous improvement †¢Installing support systems and Value added Services †¢Maintain low cost Recommendation In the modern world telecommunication companies should develop dynamic marketing strategic location-based advertising, content, and services. In order to establish strong position in the enterprise market the company should enhance its cross-cultural communication strategies. Telenor should pursue its growth opportunities in total communication Large corporate as well as well small and medium sized businesses require effective communication in order to form a consumer pulling market. It should also maintain connections with stockholders to keep them satisfied. Thecompany should keep such managers who are decisive and quick. The dynamic environment requires the managers to adapt quickly to the changing conditions. This is imperative for the survival of the company. The company should increase its risk taking policy. This is necessary for effective expansion.